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Bumba Mukherjee (Ph.D.; Columbia University, 2004) is a Professor at Penn State University. He was previously a Professor at the University of Notre Dame and at Florida State University, a visiting research scholar at Princeton University and New York University (NYU), and a visiting fellow at the Kellogg Institute, University of Notre Dame. His research examines political violence, populism, and the relationship between civil conflict and development using field experiments, alongside methodological work in spatial statistics, causal machine learning, and deep causal learning.
His work has been published in several journals such as the American Political Science Review, American Journal of Political Science, Annual Review of Political Science, Comparative Political Studies, Conflict Management and Peace Science, Experimental Economics, Journal of Development Economics, Journal of Politics, International Organization, International Interactions, International Studies Quarterly, Journal of Conflict Resolution, Mathematics, Political Analysis, The R Journal, and Studies in Comparative International Development among others.
He is the author of several books including Globalization, Democracy and Trade Policy in the Developing World published by the University of Chicago Press; The Politics of Corruption in Dictatorships (with Vineeta Yadav) published by Cambridge University Press; The Politics of Mass Killing in Autocratic Regimes (with Ore Koren) published by Palgrave Macmillan; Democracy, Electoral Institutions and Judicial Empowerment in Developing Countries (with Vineeta Yadav) published by the University of Michigan Press; Principles of International Political Economy (with Jeff Kucik and Mark Hallerberg) published by Oxford University Press; The Rise of Right-Wing Populist Parties and Reversal of Economic Reforms published by Rowman & Littlefield; The IMF, Financial Crisis, and Repression of Human Rights (with Vineeta Yadav) published by Palgrave Macmillan. His other book projects include Varieties of Populism and the Future of Globalization with Vineeta Yadav (Cambridge University Press); Economic Nationalism and Democracy in Uncertain Times (Edward Elgar Press); Understanding International Political Economy (Edward Elgar Press).
PUBLICATIONS
Books
Bumba Mukherjee and Vineeta Yadav. Varieties of Populism and the Future of Globalization. Cambridge University Press (Under Contract).
Bumba Mukherjee. Understanding International Political Economy. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing (Under Contract).

Bumba Mukherjee and Vineeta Yadav. 2024. The IMF, Financial Crisis and Repression of Human Rights. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
Bumba Mukherjee. Economic Nationalism and Democracy in Uncertain Times. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing (Under Contract).

Vineeta Yadav and Bumba Mukherjee. 2024. The Rise of Right-Wing Populist Parties and Reversal of Economic Reforms in Developing Democracies. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

Bumba Mukherjee, Eric Reinhardt and Mark Hallerberg. 2020. Principles of International Political Economy. New York: Oxford University Press

Bumba Mukherjee and Ore Koren. 2018. The Politics of Mass Killing in Autocratic Regimes. New York: Palgrave MacMillan

Bumba Mukherjee. 2016. Democracy and Trade Policy in Developing Countries. Chicago: University of Chicago Press

Vineeta Yadav and Bumba Mukherjee. 2016. The Politics of Corruption in Dictatorships. New York: Cambridge University Press

Vineeta Yadav and Bumba Mukherjee. 2014. Democracy, Electoral Institutions and Judicial Empowerment in Developing Countries. Michigan: University of Michigan Press
Articles
Brandon L. Bolte, Vineeta Yadav, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2026. “Contested Governance and Civilian Prosocial Behavior: Evidence from Lab-in-the-Field Experiments in India.” American Political Science Review​ 1-21.
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Vineeta Yadav and Bumba Mukherjee. 2027. “Measuring Corruption in Non-Democracies” in Paul M. Heywood, Ina Kubbe, and Anna Schwickerath (ed.) The Routledge Handbook of Corruption. New York, NY: Routledge Publishing.
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Justin Esarey and Bumba Mukherjee. Forthcoming. "Corrigendum for Strategic Interaction and Interstate Crises: A Bayesian Quantal Response Estimator for Incomplete Information Games." Political Analysis
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Nguyen Khoi Huynh, Yang Yang, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2026. "DeepLearningCausal: R Package for Estimating Treatment Effects Using Deep Neural Networks and Ensemble Learning." The R Journal 18(2): 103-122.
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Minnie M. Joo, Brandon L. Bolte, Nguyen Huynh, Vineeta Yadav, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2025. “Right-Wing Populist Leaders, Nationalist Rhetoric, and Dispute Initiation in International Politics.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 69(2-3): 321-351
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​​Sergio Bejar and Bumba Mukherjee. 2025. “Domestic Financial Intermediaries, Dictatorship, and Social Spending.” Studies in Comparative International Development 60 (3): 512-542.
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Benjamin E. Bagozzi, Minnie M. Joo, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2024. “Top-Category Inflation in Ordered International Relations Outcomes.” Foreign Policy Analysis 20(2):1-15
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Bumba Mukherjee and Nguyen K. Huynh. 2024. “Authoritarian Regimes and the Reversal of Economic Reforms.” In Natasha Lindstaedt and Jeroen Van den Bosch (ed.). Research Handbook on Authoritarianism. Cheltenham: Edgar Elgar Publishing.
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Minnie M. Joo, Brandon L. Bolte, Nguyen Huynh, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2023. “Bayesian Spatial Split-Population Survival Model with Applications to Democratic Regime Failure and Civil War Recurrence.” Mathematics 11(8), 1886: 1-23.
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Brandon L. Bolte, Nicolas Schmidt, Sergio Bejar, Nguyen Huynh, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2021. “BayesSPsurv: An R Package to Estimate Bayesian Split-Population (Spatial) Survival Models for Clustered Event Processes.” The R Journal 13(1): 595-613
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Brandon L. Bolte, Minnie M. Joo and Bumba Mukherjee. 2021.“Security Consolidation in the Aftermath of Civil War: Explaining the Fates of Victorious Militias.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 65(9): 1459-1488.
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Ore Koren and Bumba Mukherjee. 2021. “Civil Dissent and Repression: An Agency-Centric Perspective.” Journal of Global Security Studies 6(3): 1-18.
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Ore Koren and Bumba Mukherjee. 2021. “Economic Crises, Civilian Mobilization, and Repression in Developing States.” Conflict Management and Peace Science. 3:1-22.
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Minnie M. Joo and Bumba Mukherjee. 2021. “Rebel Command and Control, Time, and Rebel Group Splits.” International Interactions, 47:2, 318-345
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Nguyen K. Huynh, Sergio Bejar, Vineeta Yadav, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2021. “IDCeMPy: Python Package for Inflated Discrete Choice Models.” Journal of Open Source Software 6(63): 3322-27.
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Minnie M. Joo, Nicolás Schmidt, Sergio Béjar, Vineeta Yadav, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2020. “BayesMFSurv: An R Package to Estimate Bayesian Split-Population Survival Models With (and Without) Misclassified Failure Events." Journal of Open Source Software 5(47), 2164-68
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Bumba Mukherjee. “Private Information, Heterogeneous Beliefs and Strategic Behavior: An Experimental Test of a Bargaining Game model.” Experimental Economics
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Benjamin E. Bagozzi, Minnie M. Joo, Bomin Kim, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2019. “A Bayesian Split Population Survival Model for Duration Data with Misclassified Failure,” Political Analysis 27(4): 415-434
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Bumba Mukherjee. 2019. “Critical Dialogue: Organizing Democracy: How International Organizations Assist New Democracies.” Perspectives on Politics 17(2): 515-520
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Alexandra Guisinger, Bumba Mukherjee, Benjamin Bagozzi and Minnie Joo. “Shadow Banks, the IMF, and “Sudden Reversal” Crisis in Developing Countries.” Review of International Organizations
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Benjamin E. Bagozzi, Ore Koren, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2017. “Droughts, Land Appropriation, and Rebel Violence in The Developing World.” Journal of Politics 79(3):1057-1072
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Bumba Mukherjee. “Democratic Institutions and Intermediate Exchange Rate Regimes: Estimates from a Markov-Switching Model with Endogenous Switching.” Journal of International Money and Finance
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Alexandra Guisinger, Bumba Mukherjee and Benjamin E.Bagozzi. 2016. “The IMF, Finance Interest Groups and Capital Flight in Developing States.” Kellogg Institute of International Studies, Working Paper Series (Peer-reviewed).
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Bumba Mukherjee. “Democracies and Financial Crises in the Developing World.” Review of Finance
Bumba Mukherjee. 2015. “New Democracies.” in Lisa L. Martin edited. The Oxford Handbook of Politics of International Trade. New York: Oxford University Press.​
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​Bumba Mukherjee. “Skill-intensive industries, Legislative Institutions, and Non-Tariff barriers in developing democracies.” Journal of Development Economics
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Benjamin E. Bagozzi, Daniel W. Hill, Will. H. Moore and Bumba Mukherjee. 2015. “Modeling Two Types of Zeros in Ordinal Data: The Zero-inflated Ordered Probit (ZiOP) Model in Political Science.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 59(4): 728-752
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Bumba Mukherjee. “Democratic Institutions and Equity Market Liberalization.” Journal of Empirical Finance
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Hugh Ward, Xun Cao, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2014. “State Capacity and the Environmental Investment Gap in Authoritarian States.” Comparative Political Studies 47(3): 291-308.
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Benjamin E. Bagozzi, Thomas Brawner, Bumba Mukherjee, and Vineeta Yadav. 2014. “Regional International Organizations and Individual Immigration Attitudes: Results from Finite Mixture Models.” International Interactions 40(3): 350-375
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Nathan M. Jensen, Bumba Mukherjee and William Bernhard. 2014. “Benefits and Drawbacks of Survey Research and Survey Experiments in IPE.” International Interactions 40(3): 287-304.
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Bumba Mukherjee, Vineeta Yadav, and Sergio Bejar. 2014. “Electoral Particularism, Bank Concentration, and Capital Account Liberalization in Developing Democracies.” Comparative Political Studies 47 (6): 851-877
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Bumba Mukherjee, Vineeta Yadav, and Sergio Bejar. 2014. “Candidate-centered systems, public banks and equity market restrictions in developing democracies.” Review of International Political Economy 21 (3): 670-709.
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Bumba Mukherjee and Benjamin E. Bagozzi. 2013. “The IMF, Domestic Public Sector Banks and Currency Crises in Developing States.” International Interactions 39(1): 1-29.
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Daniel W. Hill, Will H. Moore and Bumba Mukherjee. 2013. “Information Politics vs Organizational Incentives: When are INGO’s “Naming and Shaming”Reports Biased?” International Studies Quarterly 57(2): 219-232.
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Bagozzi, Benjamin E. and Bumba Mukherjee. 2012. “A Mixture Model for Middle-category Inflation in Ordered Survey Responses.” Political Analysis 20(3): 369-386.
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Sergio Bejar, Bumba Mukherjee and Will H. Moore. 2011. “Time horizons matter: the Hazard rate of Coalition Governments and the Size of Government.” Economics of Governance 12(3): 201-235.
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Sergio Bejar and Bumba Mukherjee. 2011. “Electoral Institutions and Growth Volatility: Theory and Evidence.” International Political Science Review 32( 4): 458-479.
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Bumba Mukherjee and David A. Singer. 2010. “International Institutions and Domestic Compensation: The IMF and the Politics of Capital Account Liberalization.” American Journal of Political Science 54(1): 45-60.
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Helen V. Milner and Bumba Mukherjee. 2009. “Democratization and Economic Globalization.” Annual Review of Political Science 12: 163-181.
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Bumba Mukherjee, Dale Smith and Quan Li. 2009. “Labor (Im)mobility and the Politics of Trade Protection in Majoritarian Democracies.” Journal of Politics 71(1): 1-18.
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Bumba Mukherjee. 2008. “International Economic Organizations and Economic Development: An Assessment.” SAIS Review of International Affairs. vol. XXVIII no. 2: 123-137.
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Justin E. Esarey, Bumba Mukherjee and Will H. Moore. 2008. “Strategic Interaction and Interstate Crises: A Fixed-Effects Bayesian Quantal Response Estimator for Incomplete Information Games.” Political Analysis 16: 250-272.
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Bumba Mukherjee and David A. Singer. 2008. “Monetary Institutions, Partisanship and Inflation Targeting.” International Organization 62(2): 323-358.
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Bumba Mukherjee. 2008. "Review for Pricing Politics: Democratic Politics and Financial Markets" (by William Bernhard and David Leblang.) in Journal of Economic Literature Vol. XLVI (June 2008): 10-12.
Bumba Mukherjee and David Leblang. 2007. “Partisan Politics, Interest Rates and the Stock Market: Evidence from American and British Returns in the Twentieth Century.” Economics and Politics 19 (2): 135-167.
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Bumba Mukherjee and David Leblang. 2006. “Minority Governments and Exchange Rate Regimes: Evidence from 21 OECD Democracies, 1975-1999.”European Union Politics. 7: 427-449.
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Bumba Mukherjee. 2006. “Democratic Institutions or Third Party Enforcement: Testing Competing Hypotheses on Peaceful Resolution of Civil Wars.” Foreign Policy Analysis. 2(4): 405-430.
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Anna Harvey and Bumba Mukherjee. 2006. “Electoral Institutions and the Evolution of Partisan Conventions, 1880-1940.” American Politics Research. 34(3): 368-398.
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Bumba Mukherjee. 2006. “Why Political Power-Sharing Agreements Lead to Enduring Peaceful Resolution of Some Civil Wars, But Not Others?” International Studies Quarterly 50 (2): 479-504.
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Bumba Mukherjee and Will H. Moore.2006. “Government Formation in Parliamentary Democracies and Foreign Exchange Markets: Theory and Evidence From Europe.” International Studies Quarterly. 50(1): 93-118.
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David Leblang and Bumba Mukherjee. 2005.“Government Partisanship, Elections and the Stock Market: Examining American and British Stock Returns, 1930-2000.” American Journal of Political Science 49(4): 780-802.
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Bumba Mukherjee. 2005. Review for Votes and Violence: Electoral Competition and Ethnic Riots in India (by Steven Wilkinson) in Comparative Political Studies 38(8): 1002-1005.
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David Leblang and Bumba Mukherjee. 2004. “Presidential Elections and the Stock Market: Comparing Markov-Switching and Fractionally Integrated GARCH Models of Volatility.” Political Analysis Vol.12, no.3: 296-322.
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Bumba Mukherjee. 2003. “Political Parties and the Size of Government in Multiparty Legislatures: Examining Cross Country and Panel Data Evidence.” Comparative Political Studies Vol. 36, no.6, pp.699-728.
R and Python Packages
Nguyen Huynh, Yang Yang, Bumba Mukherjee
Functions for deep learning estimation of Conditional Average Treatment Effects (CATEs) from meta-learner models and Population Average Treatment Effects on the Treated (PATT) in settings with treatment noncompliance using reticulate, TensorFlow and Keras3. Functions in the package also implements the conformal prediction framework that enables computation and illustration of conformal prediction (CP) intervals for estimated individual treatment effects (ITEs) from meta-learner models.
Article: Nguyen Khoi Huynh, Yang Yang, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2026. "DeepLearningCausal: R Package for Estimating Treatment Effects Using Deep Neural Networks and Ensemble Learning." The R Journal 18(2): 103-122.
GitHub: DeepLearningCausal: Nguyen Khoi Huynh, Yang Yang, and Bumba Mukherjee
Brandon L. Bolte, Nicolas Schmidt, Sergio Bejar, Minnie M. Joo, Nguyen Huynh, Bumba Mukherjee
Parametric spatial split-population (SP) survival models for clustered event processes. The models account for structural and spatial heterogeneity among “at risk” and “immune” populations, and incorporate time-varying covariates. Users can create their own spatial weights matrix based on their units and adjacencies of interest, making the use of these models flexible. Also includes functions for a series of diagnostic tests and plots to easily visualize spatial autocorrelation, convergence, and spatial effects.
Article: Brandon L. Bolte, Nicolas Schmidt, Sergio Bejar, Nguyen Huynh, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2021. "BayesSPsurv: An R Package to Estimate Bayesian Split-Population (Spatial) Survival Models for Clustered Event Processes.'' The R Journal 13(1): 595-613
GitHub: BayesSPsurv: Nicolas Schmidt, Sergio Bejar, Nguyen Huynh, Brandon Bolte
Nguyen Huynh, Sergio Bejar, Vineeta Yadav, Bumba Mukherjee
IDCeMPy provides functions to fit and assess the performance of three distinct sets of “inflated” discrete choice models: the (1) Zero-Inflated Ordered Probit (ZIOP) model without and with correlated errors (ZIOPC model) to evaluate zero-inflated ordered choice outcomes that result from a dual d.g.p, (2) Middle-Inflated Ordered Probit (MIOP) model without and with correlated errors (MIOPC) to account for the inflated middle-category in ordered choice measures related to a dual d.g.p., and (3) Generalized Inflated Multinomial Logit (GIMNL) models that account for the predominant and heterogeneous share of observations in the baseline or any lower category in unordered polytomous choice outcomes.
Article: Nguyen K. Huynh, Sergio Bejar, Vineeta Yadav, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2021. “IDCeMPy: Python Package for Inflated Discrete Choice Models.” Journal of Open Source Software 6(63): 3322-3327.
GitHub: idcempy:Nguyen K. Huynh, Sergio Bejar, Vineeta Yadav, Bumba Mukherjee
Minnie M. Joo, Sergio Bejar, Nicolas Schmidt, Vineeta Yadav, Bumba Mukherjee
Contains a split population survival estimator that models the misclassification probability of failure versus right-censored events. The split population survival estimator is described in Bagozzi et al. (2019)
Article: Brandon L. Bolte, Nicolas Schmidt, Sergio Bejar, Nguyen Huynh, and Bumba Mukherjee. 2021. "BayesSPsurv: An R Package to Estimate Bayesian Split-Population (Spatial) Survival Models for Clustered Event Processes.'' The R Journal 13(1): 595-613
GitHub: BayesMFSurv: Nicolas Schmidt and Sergio Bejar